Knowledge Base

Our programmes are based on academic research in education, psychology, neuroscience, and sociology. The evidence that shapes the design and delivery of our programmes is always evolving. To help you stay up to date with the latest research we have curated a list of important new research from universities, think tanks, charities, and government departments.

Highlighted Research

This section highlights some of the research and evidence that shapes the design of our programmes. This research forms the basis of important concepts, such as our nurturing approach, and continues to be an important part of the evidence base underpinning all that we do.

Strong Foundations: Why Everyone Needs Good Emotional Health.

This 2024 report from Demos highlights the UK’s significant mental health crisis and its huge economic impact of £118 billion every year.

The report highlights the foundational role of good emotional health to prevent mental ill health and recommend that emotional health is put at the forefront of government policy.

PEDAL Report: How can Emotionally Healthy Workplaces Support Emotionally Healthy Families?

A new report written by researchers at Cambridge University suggests that emotionally healthy workplaces might have longer-term benefits beyond supporting workforce performance, productivity, staff retention, and team dynamics.

Mattering in Early Childhood:
Building a Strong Foundation for Life

The Centre on the Developing Child, part of Harvard University in the USA, is at the forefront of research into child development.

This 2025 study highlights how mattering emerges when children feel valued and able to add value to the world around them. Warm, responsive relationships and predictable, attuned environments help children internalise that they are seen, significant, and capable. Opportunities to contribute, even in small ways, strengthen agency and empathy. When adults feel they matter, their emotional availability improves, reinforcing children’s security.

The Theory of Latent Vulnerability

Childhood maltreatment can create lasting changes in brain function, increasing vulnerability to psychiatric disorders later in life.

This 2015 research paper from University College London on latent vulnerability reframes our understanding of early adversity by shifting focus from immediate symptoms to hidden, long-term brain changes that heighten vulnerability over time. It thus highlights the need for preventative approaches that reduce the chances of children developing psychiatric disorders in the future.

Latest Research

From loneliness to social connection

Loneliness affects 1 in 6 people worldwide. It is also linked to more than 871,000 deaths per year, according to this flagship report by the World Health Organisation‘s Commission on Social Connection.

This report lays out an evidence-based roadmap spanning 5 areas: policy, research, interventions, improved measurement (including a Global Index of Social Connection), and public engagement. Through these, it calls on governments and partners across health, education and workplaces to act now to build more connected, healthier societies.

Read the report

Child wellbeing in an unpredictable world

UNICEF‘S 19th Innocenti Report Card tracks child well-being across 43 countries in the EU/OECD using six indicators: life satisfaction, adolescent suicide, child mortality, obesity, academic proficiency, and social skills. It shows progress on child mortality but negative trends in adolescent life satisfaction and academic skills, with obesity rising.

The report ranks the UK 21st overall (27th for mental health, 22nd for physical health, 15th for skills). It explores potential reasons for these trends to inform policies that better tackle children’s mental and physical wellbeing.

Read the report

Scaling parenting interventions

This paper from the Nesta & Behavioural Insights Team, published in 2024, looked at the barriers and facilitators to delivering parenting interventions at scale.

Drawing on case studies and interviews with 23 experts in parenting intervention research, this project outlines practical strategies to reach more families. These strategies include flexible implementation, sustainable funding, and using a community-centred approach to maximise impact.

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Parenting styles and burnout

Parental burnout is a unique experience distinct from other forms of burnout and mental ill-health. This 2023 research study from the University of Jyväskylä in Finland used survey data from 1,471 Finnish parents through child health centres, family playgroups, and online questionnaires to measure parenting styles.

This study found six main parenting styles amongst Finnish parents, each with different levels of warmth, control and psychological control. They showed that parents with an authoritarian style of parenting experience the highest levels of burnout.

This study supports an increased focus on warmth as a protective factor in parenting.

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Evaluation of the Nurturing Programme in prisons

Parental imprisonment is estimated to affect around 312,000 children in England and Wales, and is considered an adverse childhood experience linked to poorer outcomes. This paper from Liverpool John Moores University, published in 2023, evaluated the Nurturing Programme for fathers at HMP Altcourse.

Drawing on surveys and interviews with fathers in prison, the evaluation highlights the Programme’s overall positive impact on parenting skills and relationships. Key findings include improved mental well-being, better communication with children, and the importance of a non-judgemental delivery environment.

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The National Parent Survey 2024

Parentkind’s National Parent Survey 2024 offers a comprehensive look at the experiences of over 5,000 UK parents.

More than 2 million parents reported their mental well-being as poor or very poor in the last 12 months, while more than 5 million children experienced a mental health challenge in the same time period.

One in three parents felt they don’t spend enough time helping with schoolwork, and less than a third had time for their own hobbies. Many parents reported feeling undervalued, with fewer than four in ten believing society appreciates their role as a parent.

Read the study

Long-Term Impacts of Harsh Discipline

Recent research from the University of Cambridge and University College Dublin highlights the impact of parenting approaches on children’s mental health.

Using a sample of 7,500 Irish children, the study charted mental health symptoms throughout childhood. Harsh discipline, such as verbal or physical punishment, significantly increases the risk of lasting mental health issues.

Hostile parenting raised a child’s chances of being in the high-risk category by 1.5 times by age nine. Supportive parenting, characterised by warmth and consistency, was shown to protect against emotional and behavioural challenges, promoting resilience and well-being.

Read the study

Our Impact

We listen to parents, children, schools, local authorities, workplaces and more to make sure we measure the right things in the right way. From emotional health to economics. See how we’re making a difference.

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